Stroke is said to be a serious disease in which any blood vessel in the brain causes damage or bleeding. Blockage in the blood vessels present in the brain stops blood flow, which can also lead to stroke problems. This is a serious physical problem. Blockage in the blood vessel does not allow oxygen and blood to the tissue present in the brain. Due to which they do not get nutrition and they start getting damaged. It is also known as brain stroke or cerebrovascular accident in medical language, due to which you need emergency medical treatment.
About stroke: symptoms, causes
A brain stroke is mainly of two types, the first ischemic stroke and the second is a hemorrhagic stroke. Let us know in detail about stroke
About ischemic stroke
Under ischemic stroke, blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrition to the brain are narrowed or blocked. In this case, blood clots form in the blood vessels and the blood flow stops. The breakdown of atherosclerosis also blocks parts of its blood vessels. There are two types of ischemic stroke, first thrombotic and second embolic. When blood clots form in the blood arteries that carry blood to the brain and obstruct blood flow, a thrombotic stroke is called. Whereas, on the other hand, when a blood clot or other debris forms in other parts of the body and obstructs the blood vessels by reaching the brain through blood, it is called an embolic stroke. According to the CDC, 87 percent of stroke cases are ischemic strokes.
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About transient ischemic stroke
Much research has been done about stroke. One type of it is transient ischemic stroke. It is also known as ministroke or TIA. During this problem, blood vessels are temporarily obstructed due to blood clot or other debris. However, symptoms may also be similar to ischemic stroke, but these symptoms may be normal after a few hours or hours. Typically, TIA is considered a sign of ischemic stroke. According to the CDC, more than one-third of TIA-prone patients suffer major strokes within the next year.
About hemorrhagic stroke
Ischemic stroke is said to be called hemorrhagic stroke when a blood vessel breaks or starts bleeding in the brain. Subsequently, blood released from the blood vessel creates additional pressure in the skull and inflames the brain. During this time the brain tissue and cells get damaged.
There are two types of hemorrhagic stroke. Those are called an intracerebral stroke and subarachnoid stroke. Intracerebral stroke is the most common type of hemorrhagic stroke, in which tissue artery ruptures present in the brain are swollen and damaged due to bleeding. Whereas, on the other hand, subarachnoid stroke starts bleeding from the tissue present in the brain. According to the American Heart Association, about 13 percent of stroke cases are caused by hemorrhagic stroke.
What are the symptoms of a stroke?
If you want to know about stroke, the first thing to do is to look into its symptoms. In the absence of sufficient blood flow, the tissue present in the brain gets damaged and stops working. As a result, damaged tissues have a negative impact on body parts and functions. Stroke symptoms can vary among women and men. In addition, men are more susceptible to stroke than women, and women have more severe stroke cases than men. The following symptoms may be common in women and men. like-
Numbness of hands, feet, and face on one side of the body
- Paralysis
- Trouble walking
- Having difficulty seeing
- Confused state
- dizziness
- Sudden severe headache
- Unable to speak clearly
- Lost physical balance
About stroke in women
The following symptoms of a stroke are more likely to appear in women. like-
- Pain
- Syncope
- Vomiting or nausea
- Weakness
- Sudden change in behavior
- Confused state
- Trouble breathing
About stroke in men
These symptoms of stroke may be more common in men than in women. like-
Difficulty in speaking, so that their voices and sayings are not heard clearly
Muscles on one side of the face
The weakening of hands or muscles on one side of the body
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Risk of stroke
Some risks increase the risk of stroke. Therefore, these risks should be taken care of. like-
Be less active
It is also said about stroke that there is an increased risk of less physical activity or non-exercise. Doing regular exercises not only reduces the risk of stroke but also provides other health benefits. Walking a few days a week can also get you these benefits.
Tobacco
Eating tobacco weakens the health of your heart and blood vessels and causes blood pressure. Which increases the risk of stroke. Much research has been done about tobacco and stroke.
Diet
Consuming an unhealthy diet may increase the risk of stroke. Therefore, the amount of salt, saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, etc. in your diet should be limited.
alcohol
Excessive alcohol consumption may also lead to stroke risk. This can increase blood pressure levels and cholesterol levels, which are harmful to health.
personal reason
Apart from all these risks, some personal factors can also increase the risk of stroke. For example, if someone has suffered a stroke or its risks in your family history, then you may be more at risk. Apart from this, whether you are a woman or a man also controls the risk of stroke. Because women face more severe strokes. In addition, age plays a large role in personal reasons. Because, as you age, the risk of stroke also increases.
What tests are performed to diagnose stroke?
Tests are done about stroke and after showing symptoms, the doctor or your health care provider can diagnose stroke disease mainly by following the tests.
Blood test
To diagnose stroke, a blood test can check your blood sugar level, infection, platelet levels, and blood clotting duration.
CT scan
Doctors perform a CT scan soon after the stroke symptoms appear. Which helps in checking the damaged part of the brain.
Angiogram
In the angiogram, a dye is injected into your blood and then a block or hemorrhage blood vessel is detected by taking an x-ray of your brain.
MRI scan
MRI scans detect more granular positions than CT scans.
Echocardiogram
In it, a picture of the heart is extracted with the help of sound waves. Which determines the source of blood clotting.
How is the treatment of stroke done?
Three treatment stages are generally described stroke, including avoidance, therapy immediately after stroke, and post-stroke rehabilitation. Therapy given immediately after stroke depends on the individual risks of stroke for the first time, such as hypertension, diabetes etc. In acute stroke therapy, it is during the stroke itself that the blood clot is erased or torn blood vessels are corrected.
Post-stroke rehabilitation corrects the damage or disability to the patient due to stroke. The most common treatment for stroke is medication or drug therapy. In which antithrombotics or blood clotting drugs are given to prevent or correct stroke.
What is life like after a stroke?
After knowing all about stroke, it comes to life after stroke. It can take a few weeks to months and even years to recover. Some people recover completely after a stroke, but in some patients, its effect is seen throughout life. Once a person has a stroke, the risk of another stroke increases. Following the stroke, the following therapy can be taken to normalize a person's physical condition. like-
- speech therapy
- Reeling sensory skills
- Cognitive therapy
- Physical therapy
If you want to help a person recover from a physical condition, consult a doctor for the appropriate therapy.
What to do to reduce the risk of stroke?
To reduce the risk of stroke, you should reduce its risks. If your body is healthy, then you are less likely to get a stroke. For this, you can adopt the following tips.
Keep weight under control. Because of uncontrolled weight gain, you may have to face the problem of diabetes, cholesterol, etc. Which increases the risk of stroke.
Take your heart medicine on time. Which will make your heart function properly and reduce the possibility of blood clots forming in your blood vessels.
Do regular and adequate exercises. For which, you can walk for half an hour every day in a week.
Do not consume alcohol and tobacco.
Eat a healthy diet.
What to do and what not to do if I or someone else has a stroke?
Many things about stroke should be taken seriously. If you or anyone has a stroke, you should immediately call an ambulance and immediately go to the nearest hospital for treatment. With this, the stroke will be treated at the right time and life will be saved.
Also, be sure to name the stroke, referring to the patient or illness at the ambulance or the nearest hospital. Therefore, necessary preparations can be completed before the patient reaches the hospital and the staff or doctors will understand the seriousness of the situation.
In addition, you should monitor the increasing symptoms of stroke in the patient. So that you can give all the necessary information to the doctor and get proper treatment at the right time. Apart from this, it is better if you can gather information about other health problems like diabetes, heart disease of the patient. So, doctors know in time what treatment is to be given to the patient.
Instead of sitting or standing the patient who has had a stroke, lie down and keep his head slightly up. In this position, blood flow is better in the brain. Loosen his clothes too.
If the patient is not breathing properly or is having trouble breathing, give CPR.
Also, do not let the patient who has had a stroke, drive himself, or drive to the hospital. This may increase their life risk.
Do not give any kind of medicine to the patient during the stroke. This can have a negative effect on him.
Do not give the patient anything to eat or drink during a stroke. Because, all the muscles of the patient become weak due to stroke, due to which food or water can get stuck in the throat.
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